IL-7 is a cytokine important for B and T cell development. This cytokine and the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) form a heterodimer that functions as a pre-pro-B cell growth-stimulating factor. This cytokine is found to be a cofactor for V(D)J rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta (TCRB) during early T cell development. IL-7 is constitutively produced by stromal cells from the bone marrow and thymus and can be produced locally by intestinal epithelial and epithelial goblet cells, and may serve as a regulatory factor for intestinal mucosal lymphocytes. IL-7 signals through the IL-7R to promote the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells to lymphoid precursor cells, which give rise to T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells. IL-7 can also co-stimulate the proliferation of mature T cells in combination with other factors such as ConA and IL-2. Human and mouse IL-7 show species cross-reactivity.

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